Acknowledgements
We acknowledge our office is located on Treaty 1 Territory and that
Manitoba is located on the Treaty Territories and ancestral lands of the
Anishinaabeg, Anishininewuk, Dakota Oyate, Denesuline and Nehethowuk
Nations.
We acknowledge Manitoba is located on the Homeland of the Red River
Métis.
We acknowledge northern Manitoba includes lands that were and are the
ancestral lands of the Inuit.
We respect the spirit and intent of Treaties and Treaty Making and
remain committed to working in partnership with First Nations, Inuit and
Métis people in the spirit of truth, reconciliation and
collaboration.
Introduction
This interactive report, provides up-to-date information on substance
use and related harms in Manitoba. Four key data sources and
corresponding metrics are displayed, which are used in the ongoing
surveillance of substance-related harms. This dashboard will be updated
mid-month, each quarter (Jan, Apr, Jul, Oct), and will include
information up to the end of the previous quarter, if available.
These four data sources include:
Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (OCME).
- The OCME is the data source for substance-related deaths. In an
effort to provide timely information these deaths are assessed based on
toxicological findings prior to the completion of a finalized autopsy,
and are therefore subject to change as more information becomes
available.
Hospital Data - Two Sources.
- Discharge Abstracts Database (DAD), is the source for all substance
related in-patient admissions. These are identified as patients who have
had at least one substance-related discharge diagnosis. The availability
of this data source can be 3-6 months behind as it undergoes additional
validation before being released.
- Emergency Department Information System (EDIS), is the source for
all substance-related emergency department (ED) visits. These are
identified as either having a substance-related discharge diagnosis, or
by a keyword search in the ED visit reason field. This data source is
updated on an ongoing basis. This data set however, does not fully cover
all ED’s within Manitoba. Only ED’s that are connected to EDIS are
included, which means some smaller rural ED’s are left out from this
source.
Emergency Medical Services (EMS) - Winnipeg Fire and
Paramedic Service (WFPS) Data
- Substance-related calls and incidents where Narcan/Naloxone has been
administered are identified in the City of Winnipeg data sets:
- These data sets are updated on an ongoing basis. Note that this data
only includes EMS incidents responded to by WFPS personnel (within the
city of Winnipeg).
Take-Home Naloxone (THN) Kit distribution data
- Data is obtained in the Public Health Information Management System
(PHIMS), which tracks the distribution of take-home naloxone kits to
their distribution sites throughout the Province. This data source is
updated on an ongoing basis.
Provincial Overview
*Substance-related death data is subject to change as more
information becomes available. This may mean that the most recent data
may be underrepresented.
Quarters are defined by calendar quarters. I.e. Q1: Jan - Mar, Q2:
Apr - Jun, Q3: Jul - Sep, Q4: Oct - Dec.
Deaths
Trend
*Confirmed fatality counts (bars) are based on the left axis,
while crude rates (line graph) are based on the right axis.
The trend of co-involvement of multiple substances in the deaths
reported continued in Q2 2024. Also, the proportions of deaths
contributed by specific substance classes followed the same pattern as
in Q1, with stimulants contributing the most to the deaths while
benzodiazepines contributed the least. Of the 158 deaths reported from
April to June 2024, stimulants, largely methamphetamine and cocaine,
contributed 118 deaths (74.7%); while opioids, largely fentanyl,
contributed 110 deaths (69.6%). Bromazolam was implicated in virtually
all the 59 deaths associated with benzodiazepines (57, 96.6%).
Definition: Substance-related deaths are deaths
due entirely, or at least in part, to the toxic effects of one or more
substances, including alcohols. A death is considered opioid related if
at least one of the substances contributing to causing death is an
opioid. It is important to note that deaths due to the effects of
chronic substance abuse, or deaths due to other causes where substance
intoxication may have circumstantially contributed (i.e., drunk driving,
hypothermia, drownings), are excluded from this case definition.
Demographics
- For January 2022 to June 2024
- Displayed as crude rate per 100,000 Manitoba residents.
Hospitalizations / ED Presentations
Inpatient Admissions
- Please see glossary for definition of categories.
Emergency Department Presentations
- Please see glossary for definition of categories.
- Categories are defined by the ED discharge diagnosis provided in
EDIS.
- Note that a discharge diagnosis is not always provided, and thus
this may be an under-representation of the actual number within each
category. The total however, includes all identified
substance-related
presentations, whether a diagnosis code was provided or not.
- ED overdose presentations are identified in EDIS using a keyword
search in the ED chief complaint field.
WFPS Attended Events
Trend
- Categories are defined by WFPS, as the main cause for the need for
WFPS personnel to attend an event.
- Suspected opioid overdose events are WFPS-attended events where
Naloxone/Narcan was administered.
Demographics
- For October 2024 to December 2024 inclusive.
- Displayed as crude rate per 100,000 Winnipeg residents.
By Neighbourhood Cluster
- For October 2024 to December 2024 inclusive.
- Displayed as crude rate per 100,000 residents.
- Geo-coded as the neighbourhood cluster that the event was responded
to at. Not necessarily the neighbourhood cluster of residence for the
person being responded to.
Take-Home Naloxone Distribution
Note that holding points are not necessarily the final point of
distribution of the take-home naloxone kits. Also, a person from one RHA
may obtain a kit from another RHA, so this is not a fully accurate
picture of where each take-home naloxone kit is eventually kept and/or
used.
Glossary
Abbreviations
DAD: Discharge Abstracts Database
ED: Emergency Department
EDIS: Emergency Department Information System
EMS: Emergency Medical Services
OCME: Office of the Chief Medical Examiner
PHIMS: Public Health Information Management System
Q1-Q4: Quarters one through four, as defined by calendar quarters.
I.e. Q1: Jan - Mar, Q2: Apr - Jun, Q3: Jul - Sep, Q4: Oct - Dec.
THN: Take-Home Naloxone
WFPS: Winnipeg Fire and Paramedic Service
Diagnosis Codes
Hospital and ED related substance diagnoses are categorized using the
International Classification of Diseases 10th revision (ICD-10)
diagnoses codes. These are:
- Alcohol:
- F10.1 - F10.9: Alcohol-related disorders
- T51.0-T51.9: Toxic effect of alcohol
- X45.0-X45.9: Accidental poisoning by and exposure to alcohol
- X65.0-X65.0: Intentional self-poisoning by and exposure to
alcohol
- Y15.0-Y15.9: Poisoning by and exposure to alcohol, undetermined
intent
- Cocaine:
- F14.0-F14.9: Cocaine-related disorders
- T40.5: Poisoning by cocaine
- Opioids:
- F11.1-F11.9: Opioid abuse/dependence
- T40.0: Poisoning by opium
- T40.1: Poisoning by heroin
- T40.2: Poisoning by other opioids
- T40.3: Poisoning by methadone
- T40.3: Poisoning by other narcotics
- T40.4: Poisoning by synthetic narcotics
- T40.6: Poisoning by unspecified narcotics
- Other Depressants:
- F13.10-F13.19: Sedative-hypnotic-, or anxiolytic-related
disorders
- T42.3: Poisoning by barbiturates
- T42.4: Poisoning by benzodiazepines
- T42.6: Poisoning by other antiepileptic and sedative-hypnotic
drugs
- T42.7: Poisoning by antiepileptic and sedative-hypnotic drugs,
unspecified.
- Other Stimulants:
- F15.1-F15.9: Other stimulant-related disorders
- T43.6: Poisoning by psychostimulants
