MINERAL
INVENTORY FILE NO.
482
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
PRODUCT
COPPER
NTS AREA
63J13SW
REF.
CU 4
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
NAME OF PROPERTY
Anderson Lake Mine
OWNER OF
OPERATOR ADDRESS
1959- Hudson Bay Mining and
Smelting Co., Limited (HBED)
Flin
Flon, MB R8A 1N9
OBJECT LOCATED
Mine
MINING
DIVISION
The Pas
Latitude
54°51'40
Longitude
099°59'40
Uncertainty
(m)
100 m
UTM Zone
14U
Easting
436200
Northing
6079500
L.S./Quarter
Section
15
Section
4
Township
68
Range
17 WPM
DESCRIPTION OF
DEPOSIT
Sulphides occur in Precambrian metasediments and metavolcanics
(schists and gneisses), on the eastern limb of the Threehouse Syncline. The
tabular deposit strikes N65°E and dips 60°W. It is 823 m (2700 ft) long, along a
plunge of 55°N, although, its average strike length is 122 m (400 ft). It
extends from 137 to 808 m (450 to 2650 ft), below surface, averaging 5.5 m (18
ft) wide.
The ore is richer in copper (Cu) for 0.6 or 0.9 m (2 or 3 ft) along
the footwall where pyrrhotite is found. Disseminated chalcopyrite and pyrite
occur sporadically in chlorite-biotite schists and in quartz-sericite schists.
The pyrite contains interstitial chalcopyrite and gold and silver were found
during processing.
ASSOCIATED
MINERALS OR PRODUCTS OF VALUE
Zinc, gold, silver, kyanite
HISTORY OF
EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT
The deposit occurs at the northwestern part of the bend in Anderson
Lake. The mine is at the end of a road, branching from Provincial Road
395.
The Lynx group of claims was staked in the 1920's. Nothing further is
known about these claims.
Year Activity
1944 Dike 1 (P 7035) staked by
C.J. Olsen
................Assigned to B.F. Smith
1945 Assigned to E.E.
Ott.
Snow Lake Mines Ltd. and Weir Syndicate may have had options on the
property (Mining claim maps in Manitoba Mines Branch, Unpublished Information
File, 63J/13).
In 1952, the claims were cancelled. Astra 25 Fr. (P 35461) was
staked by J.H. Kerr in 1955, and assigned to Walter Johnson shortly thereafter.
Later that year, it was optioned to Hudson Bay Exploration and Development
Company Limited (H.B.E.D.). Electromagnetic surveys were made and nearby claims,
including the adjacent Astra 23, were diamond drilled.
In 1956, H.B.E.D. took
up its option. Three years later, the claim was assigned to Hudson Bay Mining
and Smelting Co. Limited (H.B.M. & S.), lease M-5721 was issued in
1959.
The discovery of the deposit was announced in 1964. Diamond drilling,
to follow up detailed geophysical surveys between Stall Lake and Chisel Lake,
was credited with finding the deposit. By April 1964, 590 000 tonnes (t) (650
000 tons) averaging 2.9% Cu were outlined to the 396 m (1300-ft) level (Northern
Miner, April 30, 1964). By the end of 1964, the reserve estimate was increased
to 817 000 t (900 000 tons) of the same grade (Northern Miner, September 10,
1964). Surface development began late that year. An access road was cleared, a
3-compartment shaft was started and sunk 14.6 m (48 ft), and the powerline was
completed in 1965.
The shaft was 643 m (2110 ft) deep, by the end of 1966,
and underground development was underway. In 1967, 2897 m (9506 ft) of
exploration diamond drilling was completed. The shaft reached its final depth,
in 1968, of 874 m (2866 ft). Levels were established at: 91 m; 183 m; 229 m; 274
m; 328 m; 381 m; 434 m; 488 m; 541 m; 594 m; 648 m; 707 m; 754 m; and 808 m (300
ft; 600 ft; 750 ft; 900 ft; 1075 ft; 1250 ft; 1425 ft; 1600 ft; 1775 ft; 1950
ft; 2125 ft; 2300 ft; 2475 ft; and 2650 ft). Diamond drilling and development
work outlined 145 000 t (159 800 tons) of ore, averaging 4.3% Cu to the 701 m
(2300 ft) level (H.B.M. & S., 1968 Annual Report). This is in addition to
the previously known reserves of 1 616 600 t (1 781 500 tons) grading 3.79% Cu,
0.38 g/t (0.011 oz/ton) Au, and 5.83 g/t (0.17 oz/ton) Ag (World Mining,
February 1969). Mining widths of ore averaged 5.5 m (18 ft) wide, but ranged
from 1.5 to 15 m (5 to 50 ft).
In 1969, H.B.M. & S. expected to develop 1
043 560 t (1 150 000 tons) of ore in 10 stopes (Northern Miner, May 1, 1969).
Reserves were increased by 481 000 t (530 000 tons) grading 4.7% Cu, by drilling
and development work to the 808 m (2650-ft) level (H.B.M. & S., 1969 Annual
Report). As of January 1, 1970, proven reserves were stated to be 2 243 000 t (2
472 000 tons) (2 742 000 a misprint) grading 4.01% Cu (Northern Miner of April
30, 1970).
Mining commenced on November 9, 1970, at a rate of 907 t (1000
tons) per day. See History of Production for production figures. The mining
method was changed from open stope to cut-and-fill in 1972, due to poor ground
conditions.
As of January 1, 1974, reserves at the Anderson Lake mine
were 1 931 500 t (2 128 500 tons) grading 3.96% Cu, 0.1% Zn, 6.17 g/t (0.18
oz/ton) Ag and 0.41 g/t (0.012 oz/ton) Au (Cranstone and Hamilton, 1976). In
1974, drilling increased reserves by 166 000 t (183 000 tons) below the 808 m
(2650-ft) level (H.B.M. & S., 1974 Annual Report).
The mine was shut down
in February 1978, to permit deepening of the shaft by 132 m (434 ft), with a
crusher to be installed below the bottom (914 m) level. Development was
completed, in 1979, to the 914 m (3000 ft) level and production resumed with the
new vertical-crater-retreat section supplying most of the ore. Production rate
was 13 160 t (14 500 tons) of ore per month (White, 1981).
A shortage of
skilled miners and tradesmen continued to affect production in 1980.
In 1981,
diamond drilling from the 914 m (3000 ft) level located a new ore zone to the
west of the main orebody. An exploration drift was driven to allow drilling down
the plunge of the zone (White 1981). Recent drilling had apparently located the
main orebody at a depth of 1036 m (3400 ft).
Surface samples were collected
for an industrial minerals study by Yamada (1984). A further study by Gunter and
Yamada (1985), concluded that the dump, which had been examined in a series of
60 cm deep test pits, was not a large source of kyanite, but that the footwall
rocks of the mine had better concentrations of kyanite
The following measured
and indicated reserves were reported:
Year Tonnage Tonnes (tons) Average
Grade
................................................Au g/t (oz/ton)…Ag g/t
(oz/ton)…Cu (%) ….…Zn (%)….Pb (%)
1978…..1 757 600 (1 936 900) …0.62
(0.018)…. 6.17 (0.18)......…3.76..........…0.10
1979*... 1 743 650 (1 921
500)….0.58 (0.017) ….6.17 (0.18)......…3.69..........…0.10
1980…..1 700 876
(1 874 365)….0.58 (0.017)… .5.83 (0.17).......…3.68..........…0.10
1981*… 1
690 800 (1 863 300)….0.55 (0.016)…..5.49 (0.16).......…3.52…..........0.10
1983…..1 326 423 (1 461 718)… 0.75 (0.022)…..5.83
(0.17).........3.69…...........0.11…...0.185
*Proven reserves (note: 1981
reserves reported as 1 639 505 t (1 806 734 tons) by White, 1981).
Source:
Cranstone and Whillans (1978); Whillans and Cranstone (1979); Laughlin (1980,
1981, and 1983).
Reserves as of December 31, 1984, were 996 054 t grading
3.54% Cu, 0.1% Zn, 0.75 g/t Au, 5.5 g/t Ag, 0.016% Pb (Lemieux and Laughlin,
1985). Production plus reserves, as of December 31, 1984, were 3 190 000 t
grading 3.45% Cu and 0.1% Zn (Bamburak, 1990).
The Anderson mine closed in
1988 (Northern Miner, March 20, 1989). A joint Federal/Provincial 1:5 000 scale
geological mapping program was done in 1989-1990 (Bailes, 1990). A till sample
was collected for geochemical analyses by Gobert (1990), as part of a regional
till sampling program.
HISTORY OF
PRODUCTION
Average Assays
Year… Tonnage Tonnes (tons) g/tonne (oz/ton)….
Au…………. Ag ..........%Cu………% Zn
1970 …. 54 100 ( 59 600)……….……………….. 1.03
(0.03)….10.29 (0.3).… 3.8
1971… 203 600 (224 400)………………………... 0.69 (0.02)….
10.29 (0.3)… 4.2
1972… 318 875 (351 400)………………………... 0.69 (0.02) ….. 6.86
(0.2)… 3.8
1973 ...270 780 (298 400)………………….…….. 0.34 (0.01)…. 10.29 (0.3)…
.2.9
1974… 181 760 (200 300)……………………...... 0.34 (0.01)… ... 6.86
(0.2)….2.9……… 0.3
1975 … 99 884 (110 072)………………………...1.03 (0.03)…... 6.86
(0.2)….. 3.2……… 0.2
1976… 117 712 (129 719)………………………. 1.03 (0.03)…. 10.29
(0.3)...... 3.3……… 0.1
1977... 124 456 (137 151)……………………….. 0.93 (0.027)….
7.89 (0.23)… 2.88…….. 0.18
1978… 21 211 ( 23 375)…………………………. 1.13 (0.033)….
7.89 (0.23).. 3.18…….. 0.10
1979… 59 118 ( 65 148)…………………………. 0.96
(0.028)…... 8.91 (0.26). 3.51…….. 0.14
(Hudson Bay Mining and Smelting Co.,
Limited, Annual Reports)
1980... 131 013 (144
376)............................... 1.09 (0.032)...... 7.19 (0.21)..
3.10........ 0.14
(CMH 1980-81)
1984 164 691 tonnes 3.51 0.1
(Esposito,
1986)
From 1970 to the end of 1984: 2 193 546 tonnes of 3.41% Cu and 0.1%
Zn were produced (Esposito, 1986). Production from 1985 to 1988 is
unknown.
REFERENCES
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metamorphism of the
Anderson Lake, Manitoba massive sulfide deposit -
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398.
Aggarwal, P.K. and Nesbitt, B.E.1987: Pressure and temperature
conditions of metamorphism
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of the Snow Lake - Flin Flon –
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Bailes,
A.H.1990: Chisel-Anderson project (NTS 63K/16SE); in Manitoba Energy
and
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D.J. Ziehlke, 1987: Early
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Campbell, F.H.A., Bailes, A.H., Ruttan, G.D. and
Spooner, A. 1970: Comparative geology and
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D.A. and Whillans, R.T. 1978: Canadian reserves of copper, nickel, lead,
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1980: Copper and Zinc in Manitoba; Manitoba Energy and Mines,
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and Gasparrini, E. 1975: Metamorphic zones in the Snow Lake area,
Manitoba;
Canadian Mineralogist, v. 13, p. 162-167.
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Moore, J.M. 1980: Metamorphism in the Snow Lake area, Manitoba;
Geological
Survey of Canada, Paper 78-27, 16p.
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Investigation of massive, sulphide environments in the Flin Flon-Snow
Lake
greenstone belt; in Manitoba Mines, Resources and Environmental
Management, Mineral Resources Division, Mineral Evaluation and Administration
Branch, Exploration Operations Branch, Report of Field Activities, 1976, p.
17-21.
Gale, G.H., Baldwin, D.A. and Koo, J. 1980: A geological
evaluation of Precambrian massive
sulphide deposit potential in Manitoba;
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ER79-1, 137p.
Gale, G.H. and Koo, J. 1977: Evaluation of massive sulphide
environments; in Canada
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Manitoba, Mines, Resources and Environmental Management, Open File Report 77-7,
NREP 2nd Annual Report 1976-1977, p. 43, 48-50.
Gale, G., Koo, J.,
Solkoski, L. and Southard, G. 1976: Evaluation of massive
sulphide
environments; in Canada Department of Energy, Mines and Resources
and Manitoba Mines, Resources and Environmental Management, Mineral Resources
Division, Open File Report 77/1, NREP First Annual Report 1975/1976, p.
34-46.
Gale, G.H., Somerville, R.C., Chornoby, J., Haystead, B., Provins,
N., Braun,D., Mundy, D. and
Walker, A. 1982: Geological setting of the
mineral deposits at Ruttan, Thompson, Snow Lake and Guidebook, Trip 14, p.
30-35.
Galley, A.G., Bailes, A.H., Syme, E.C., Bleeker, W., Macek, J.J.
and Gordon, T.M. 1990: Geology and mineral deposits of the Flin Flon and
Thompson Belts, Manitoba; Geological Survey
of Canada, GSC Open File 2165, p.
47-54, 81-86
Gobert, G. 1990: Till geochemistry of the Snow Lake area
(NTS 63K/16, 63J/13,
63J/12); in Manitoba Energy and Mines, Minerals
Division, Report of Field Activities, 1990, p. 72-73.
Grice, 1976: Ore
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144-145.
Gunter, W.R. and Yamada, P.H. 1985: Evaluation of industrial
mineral occurrences in the Snow
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100-102.
Hawkins, J.B. and Martin, P.L. 1970: A comparison between the
Flin Flon and Snow Lake
orebodies of Hudson Bay Mining and Smelting Co.,
Limited; Unpublished Paper, C.I.M.M. Annual Convention, April
1970.
Hutcheon, I. 1977: The metamorphism of sulphide-bearing pelitic
rocks from Snow Lake,
Manitoba; Carleton University, Ph.D. Thesis
(Unpublished).
Hutcheon, I.1979: Sulphide-oxide-silicate equilibrium,
Snow Lake, Manitoba; American
Journal of Science, v. 279, p.
643-665.
Laughlin, W.H. 1980: Canadian reserves of copper, nickel, lead,
zinc, molybdenum, silver and
gold, as of January 1, 1980; Energy, Mines and
Resources Canada, Minerals, Mineral Bulletin MR 189, p. 16.
Laughlin,
W.H.1981: Canadian reserves of copper, nickel, lead, zinc, molybdenum, silver
andgold, as of January 1, 1981; Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Minerals,
Mineral Bulletin MR 191, p. 16.
Laughlin, W.H.1983: Canadian reserves of
copper, nickel, lead, zinc, molybdenum, silver and gold, as of January 1, 1983;
Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Minerals, Mineral Bulletin MR 201, p.
17.
Lemieux, A. and Laughlin, W.H. 1985: Mining reserves and currently
promising deposits, January
1985; gold, silver, lead, zinc, copper, nickel,
molybdenum; Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Minerals, Mineral Bulletin MR
209, p. 20.
Manitoba Department of Mines and Natural Resources 1964:
Annual Reports; p. 5;
Manitoba Department of Mines and Natural Resources
1965, p. 4; 1970, p. 45.
Manitoba Mines Branch: Corporation Files; Hudson
Bay Mining and Smelting Co. Limited;
Manitoba Mines Branch: Unpublished
Information Files; 63J/13.
Moore, J.M. and Froese, E. 1972: Geological
setting of the Snow Lake area; in Report of
Activities, Geological Survey of
Canada, Paper 72-1B, Part B, p. 78-81.
Mwanang’Onze, E.H.B. 1978:
Stratigraphy and petrochemistry of the host rocks of copper-zinc
deposits in
the Flin Flon-Snow Lake greenstone belt; University of Manitoba, Ph.D. Thesis,
p. 264-268.
Price, D.P. 1977: Geology and economic potential of the Flin
Flon-Snow Lake; Centre for
Precambrian Studies, University of Manitoba, 1977
Annual Report, p. 52-83.
Russell, G.A. 1957: Structural studies of the
Snow Lake - Herb Lake area; Manitoba Mines
Branch, Publication 55-3,
33p.
Sabina, A.P. 1972: Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, La
Ronge-Creighton, Saskatchewan,
Flin Flon-Thompson, Manitoba; Geological
Survey of Canada, Paper 71-27, p. 63-64.
Sabina, A.P.1987: Rocks and
Minerals for the Collector, La Ronge-Creighton,
Saskatchewan, Flin
Flon-Thompson, Manitoba; Geological Survey of Canada, Miscellaneous Report 42,
p. 52-53.
Sangster, D.F. 1972: Isotopic Studies of ore-leads in the
Hanson Lake-Flin Flon-Snow Lake
mineral Belt, Saskatchewan and Manitoba;
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 9, No. 5, p. 500-513.
Scott, S.D.
1976: Application of the sphalerite geobarometer to regionally
metamorphosed
terrains; American Mineralogist, V. 61, Nos. 7 and 8, p.
661-670.
Syme, E.C., Bailes, A.H., Price, D.P. and Ziehlke, D.V. 1982:
Flin Flon volcanic belt: geology
and ore deposits at Flin Flon and Snow Lake,
Manitoba; Geological Association of Canada - Mineralogical Association of
Canada, Field Trip Guidebook, Trip 6, p. 46-53, 58, 65-69.
Trembath, G.D.
1986: Compositional variation of staurolite in the area of Anderson Lake
Mine,
Snow Lake, Manitoba, Canada; in Centre for Precambrian Studies
University of Manitoba, 1986 Annual Report, p. 14.
Trembath, G.D. 1986,
The compositional variation of staurolite in the area of Anderson
Lake
Mine, Snow Lake, Manitoba, Canada; University of Manitoba, M.Sc.
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Anderson Lake mine, Snow Lake, Manitoba;
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(R.W. Hutchinson, C.D. Spence and J.M. Franklin, editors); Geological
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1981: Mining in Manitoba: Diverse mines feed Hudson Bay's Flin Flon
zinc
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177.
World Mining 1969: Canada, Manitoba ... Hudson Bay operating five
mines, developing three
others.
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reconnaissance in the Flin Flon-Snow Lake district;
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Mines, Mineral Resources, Report of Field Activities, 1984,
p. 68-69.
MAP REFERENCES
Armstrong, J.E. 1941: Map 665A, Wekusko, 1:63 360 scale, geological
map accompanying
Descriptive Notes by Armstrong (1941), Geological Survey of
Canada.
Bailes, A.H. 1971: Map Snow Lake - Flin Flon - Sherridon area;
1:253 440 scale, geological
compilation map, accompanying Manitoba Mines
Branch, Paper 1/71
Bailes, A.H. 1990: Preliminary Map 1990 S-2
Anderson Lake; Manitoba Mineral Resources
Division, geological maps,
scale 1:5000.
Campbell, F.H.A., Bailes, A.H., Ruttan, G.D. and Spooner,
A. 1970: Map 2 Wekusko or Herb
Lake; 1:31 680 scale, geological map,
accompanying, Geological Association of Canada-Mineralogical Association of
Canada Field Trip No. 2 Guidebook.
Froese, E. and Moore, J.M. 1980:
Figure 2 Snow Lake area, Manitoba, 1:50 000 scale,
geological map,
accompanying , Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 78-27.
Geological
Survey of Canada 1970: Map 25019G, Herb Lake, Manitoba; Geological Survey
of
Canada, airborne electromagnetic and AFMAG, scale 1:50
000.
Geological Survey of Canada 1990: Maps 63J/13 c,d; GSC Open File
2219, Geological Survey of
Canada, aeromagnetic Vertical Gradient/Total Field
and VLF EM survey maps,
scale 1:20 000.
Geological Survey of Canada
1990: Map Snow Lake area; GSC Open File 2300, Geological
Survey of Canada
airborne geophysical surveys airborne gamma ray spectrometry, VLF
electromagnetic and Total Field magnetic maps, scales 1:250 000, colour
maps,
1:150 000, stacked profiles.
Klassen, R.W., Netterville, J.A.
1980: Map 4-1979 Wekusko Lake, Manitoba; Geological Survey
of Canada, surface
geological map, scale 1:250 000.
Manitoba Energy and Mines and Geological
Survey of Canada 1990: Maps C 21507G, C
41507G: Herb Lake; Manitoba Energy
and Mines and Geological Survey of Canada
aeromagnetic Total Field and
Vertical Gradient, colour compilation maps, scale 1:50 000.
Manitoba
Mines Branch: 63J/13SW Claim Map Series, circa 1976, Mining Recording,
Manitoba
Mines Branch, claim map, scale 1:31 680.
Mihychuk, M. 1988:
Preliminary Map 1988 SL-1 Herb Lake, Manitoba Mineral Resources
Division
surficial geology and aggregate resources, scale 1:50
000.
Province of Manitoba and Geological Survey of Canada 1965: Map 2566G
Herb Lake, Province
of Manitoba and Geological Survey of Canada,
aeromagnetic, scale 1:63 360.
Province of Manitoba, Geological Survey of
Canada 1979: Map 36063G: Wekusko Lake;
Province of Manitoba, Geological
Survey of Canada, airborne gamma ray spectrometry, scale 1:250
000.
Russell, G.A. 1955: Map 55-3 Snow Lake - Herb Lake area; 1:31 680
scale, geological map,
accompanying Manitoba Mines Branch, Publication
55-3.
Surveys and Mapping Branch 1990: Map 63J/13, Herb Lake; Surveys and
Mapping Branch,
Ottawa, topographic map, scale 1:50 000.
URL
N/A
Images
0482-1
REMARKS
Diamond drilling in 1972 to determine the structure of the deposit
found "significant copper mineralization" 609 m (2000 ft. southwest of the mine
that "merits further investigation by surface or underground exploration" (HBMS,
1972 Annual Report).
Astra 25 Fr. is described here because the shaft was
sunk on this claim. The Anderson Lake deposit is covered by several
claims.
May 55-3 indicates the presence of copper at the southwestern end of
Anderson Lake and copper with pyrrhotite on the southeastern shore near
its outlet.
NOTES
N/A
Compiled/Revised
by:
SMH JDB HRW PA JJJ
Date
08-72 08-76 06-77 01-82 08-91 06-02